Variable carriage-feed for type-writing machines.



J, A. SMITH. v VARI LE CARRIAGE FEED FOR TYPE WRITING MACHINES.

I APPLIOATION TliLB-D AUG. 23, 1904. 922534. Patented May 25, 1909.

{SHEETS-SHEET 1.

I J. A. SMITH. VARIABLE CARRIAGE FEED FOR TYPE WRITING MACHINES.

APPLIUATION TILED AUG. 23, 1904.

' Patented May 25, 1909.

4 SEEET8SHBET 2.

- uomsrum: Inc mm vusnmum 04c J. A. SMITH. VARIABLE CARRIAGE EEED FOBTYPE WRITING MACHINES.

I v APPLICATION FILED AUG. 23, 1904.

.922, Patented May 25, 1909.

4 SHBEIS-SHEET 3.

muus rum, 1%

, J. A. SMITH. VARIABLE CARRIAGE FEED FOE TYPE WRITING MACHINES.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. 23, 1904. 922,534. Patented May 25, 1909.

4 SHEETSBHBET 4.

1. a shown in dotted-lines; Fig.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

A. SMITH, .OF vCLEVELAND, OHIO, ASSIGNOR TO ELLIOTT-FISHER COMPANY, OFNEW YORK, N. Y., A CORPORATION OF DELAWARE.

7 VARIABLE CABBIAGEQFEED FOR TYPE-WRiTING MACHINES.

Specification ofLettersi Patent.

Patented May 25, 1909.

' Application filed August 23, 1904. Serial No. 221,859.

. useful Variable Carriage-Feed for Type- Writing Machines, of which thefollowing is .a specification. My presenhinvention relates to typewrit-'10 in'g machines, but more particularly to novel "carriage feedingmechanism designed with special reference to the equipmentof a machineof the flat platen type. I

The object of the invention is to produce an eflicient carriage feedingmechanism, and 'to' provide for the variable feeding of the carriage inthe direction ofletter spacing so that wide or narrow spacingappropriateto the characters printed, or to the particular class of work may besecured. It may be explained that in certain machines two distinctalphabets of type are employed, the characters of one being broad and ofthe other comparatively narrow. In such machines it' desirable toprovide a variable carriage feed 111 order that the letter spacesproduced by the step-by-step advance of the carriage may be uniformlywide or narrow, accordingly as wide or narrow characters so are printed.

This invention is directed to the attainment of the end stated, but itshould also.

be borne in mind that its utility is not confined to its use inconnection with machines equipped with two distinct classes-of wide andnarrow type, since it is equally useful "in printing certain data, asfor instance,

headings, names, etc, with exag erate'd spac ing of the letters,irrespective of .40 lar character of the latter.

- In the accompanying drawings-Figure 1 is a rear elevation of '21Fisher typewriter equipped in accordance with my invention. F ig. 2 is asectional plan view of a portion ,45 of machine thus equiphed. Fig. '3is a transverse section through the machine carriage and a portion ofits support, the depressed position of the case key and the op--Iferative position ofthe space rack being is a longitudinal section'of-Jthe carriage showing its sup- -port, the "space rack, theescapementand certain other parts in elevation. Fig. 5 is a detail Viewshowing the escapement, with theparts in thepositions they assume at theA. SMITH, a.

the particuinstant of retardation of the holding dog to permit a doublespace movement of the carriage. Fig. 6 is a perspective view of themechanism'forcontrolling the letter space movements of the carriagedesigned more particularly-to show the line of connection between a keyand theescapement as well as the connectionbetween the case key and themeans for changing the carriage feed. Fig. 7 is a detail view of thetrip arm. Fig. 8 5 is a similar View of the shift rod, and Fig.

'9 is a detail sectional view ofthe rack and trip arm.

The carriage feeding mechanism, while capable of generallapplication tomachines 7 embodying an element arranged for intermittent advance, isdesigned, with special reference to the equipment of the Fishertypewriter shown inthe drawings, but more fully illustrated in a numberofv patents, notably No. 573,868 to R. J. Fisher. The

Fisher machine isof the fiat platen typeand it includes aca-rriagesupporting frame 1, mounted to travel in the direction of line spacingupon tracks or. guides 2 carried by a 30 platen 2 the writing surface ofwhich is indic'ated in Fig. 1. The framel is provided with front andrear carriage guides 3 and 3", see Fig. 3, upon which travels in thedirection of letter spacing, a carriage 4,- sup- 5 porting a pendenttype-bar supporting ring 5 upon which the downwardly acting typebars 6are supported. v I The carriage 4 is moved to the right by" suitablecarriage'propelling mechanism gen- 'erally including strapsor tapes 7 aconnected at their outer ends to spring drums 7;

Movable with the carriage are a pair of carriage pinions 8 and 9 meshingwith front and rear feed racks 10 and 11 parallel with and secured tothe carriage guides3 and 3 of the machine frame. These pinions aremounted upon a common feed-spindle 12 extending transversely through thecarriage casing and having operative connection with a ratchet oresca-pement wheel 13 constituting a rack element for what may be termedthe escapement proper. Since the spindle 12, which is movable with thecarriage, is geared bythe pinions 8 and 9 t0 the fixed racks, it followsthat the escapenient wheel being'operatively a connected with thespindle, must rotate when the carriage'moves forward in the direction ofletter spacing. Therefore, the movement of the carriage is controlled by.a pair of .escapement do%, towit,fa holding dog 14 and a spacin 15,pooperating with the wheel 13 an constructed and arranged in the mannerdisclosed "in the Fisher patent before identified.- Normally, as shownin a Fig. 4, the holding dog engages the wheel j 13 and-holds the samethus preventing the forward movement of the carriage. When,

however, the dogs are 'swung,'the holding og moves out of engagementwith the 'wheel, but'before the disengagement is ef fected, the'spacing'dog moves into engagement. This movement of the parts is efl'ectedby-the depression of anyone of the letter or numeral keys 16. When thekey is released,

however, the movement of the dog is reversed, and,-while the spacing dogis moving 'out of engagement with the wheel and be- Theoperatingfmechanism between the.

1 extending fromithe spacing dog *and cons.

' is vibratedby key .lyokejs" 2limounted to.

fore the holding dog moves integengagement therewith, the wheel ispermitted to rot-ate an almost inappreciahle distance so that theholding dog instead of moving back into engagement with the flat face ofthe tooth before engaged by i t,'will engage the next of oneletter-space before the arrest of. the wheel is effected bytheholding'dog;

keys an'd'the .escapement includes anarm 17 nected by a link 18 to anarm 19 projecting from the rock shaft 20 exten di'ng 'longitudinally ofthe carriage, see Fig.6. This shaft swing within the casing and arrangedto be engaged and swung by a pin 22. (one of purpose of efiectingthefeed '0 Y swung 'cated.

which is carried by each Q key stem) just as the key reaches thelimit'of its'downwardmovement.

- l ey thusefi'ects the swinging 'of the yoke 21 to rock. the shaft 20and thus shift the 'es- Thecompletedepression of. a

capement dog's,'the.re1ease of the key servingto'permit the dogs toswing the carriage,

. ina manner already stated. To effect the release of the lcarriage''from"control by the g V indicated in dotted lines in Fig. 8, the trips115 escapement, the esca 'ementlever 23 ',(de-. signed to be. operatefbya carriage release key, not shown is arranged to move the dogsrelatively or the purpose of releasing the es'eapemen't "wheel-Tentirely "therefrom,

it being. understood that while the'dogs are mounted for movementinunison under nor- .malconditions, they'are capable of'beingindependently for the purpose indie The construction thus fardescribed'is ordinary, but an understanding thereof is necessary to aproper comprehension of my improvements. From what has been said, itwill be evident that the letter space movements of the carriage will beonly of such through theback' wall of the carriage casback for theextentas is-permittedv by the movement of the escapement wheel 13 the distanceof one tooth. This is the normalmovement and. p'rovideswhat may betermed normal or narrow spacing. To attain the object of the presentinvention, it is merely necessary to provide for a'greater movement ofthe escapement wheel 13 upon eachgictuation of the dogs by thedepression and release of the key, since this w111 obviously effect aproportionate increase of each advance step or movement of. thecarriage.

Connected to or formed as an integral part of-the holding dog 14 of thecarriage escapement, is .an arm 24, the end of which .80 is disposed forenga ement-hy an arm 25 I extending laterally rom. a rock shaft 26provided with a'bearing sleeve 27 extending ing, see Figs; 3 and 6. Atthe extremity of the shaft 26 in rear of the carriage is fixed a triparm 28 having at its end a pointed beak or projection 29 which is.arranged to Contact with a series of relatively fixed trips 30,preferablyin the form of pointed equidistant ,teeth defined at the underside or. edge of what may be-termed a spacing rack 31. This rack whilestationary relative to the trip arm when in its normal position,-isnevertheless laterally movable in order to permit its presentation ineither an operative or an inoperative position. To provide for thismovement of the rack, it is car- -riedat the upper ends of a .pair ofswinging porting brackets 33 secured to the mac hine framel at anysuitable point, but prefet-ably to-the rear side of the guide 3*.Normally. the spacing rack 31 is located in an inoperative positi on, asshown in full linesin 9 ,Fig. 3, and when so disposed the trips-01 teeth30-are arranged out of the path of'thev projection-29 on the arm 28 topermit the normal operation of the escapeme'nt in the Yiding normal ornarrow letter spacing'of the carriage. -VVhen, however, it is desired Ito provide exaggeratedor wide spacing-the rack 3'1Zis swung to itsoperative position,

or teeth .30 being presentedin operative relation with the projection 29on-the arm, 28.

action" of the dogs is .precisely as heretofore described. That is tosay, the holding dog moves out ofengagement with the wheel 17 and the.spaeing dog moves into engage.- m'ent therewith, the wheel beingpermitted such slight movement during this operation of the parts aswill carry the extremity of the wheeL tooth beyond the nose of the holding dog ,so that upon-the return of the latter it cannot engage the sametooth. Upon the release of'the key,'however, a variation: in.

arms-32 having hinged connection with sup- 100.

manner described for the purpose of pro- Now, upon the depressionof thekeyg'f-the, I

[the action of the escapement may be noticed: 13-0 As the key risesthespacing dog will move out of engagement with the wheel and the holdingdog will simultaneously move toward the wheel for reengagementtherewith. As soon as the Wheel is released by the spacing dog, it willbegin to rotate and the carriage will begin to advance, but just at thatinstant when, under normal conditions, the holding "dog would move intoengagement with the next succeeding tooth of the wheel to arrest thecarriage at the limit of a normal letter space, the pointed projc tion29 in the arm 28 will engage thee-xtremity of one of the trips or teeth30 which will retard the movement of the holding dog until the extremityof the tooth next succeeding that originally engaged by it has passedthe nose of the dog. Owing to the factthat the engaging portionsof thetrips tltland projection 29 are pointed, this retardation of the holdingdog will be but i'nomentary. This, however, will be sufli cient toinsure the escape of two teeth of the wheel instead of one and a doubleor exaggerated movement of the carriage will,-

therefore, be effected before the holding dog arrests the escapementwheel.

\Vhile it is not essential that special means he provided for swingingthe spacing rack into and out of position, such movement as a matter offact. is effected by means of a key located at the keyboard and, sincethe change y from narrow to wide spacing isldesired when the wide orupper case type are brought into action, the case key which etl'ectsthis rearrangement of the printing mechanism is utilized to; shift thespacing rack. The typebars 6, two of which are clearly shown in Fig. (3of the drawings, are each equipped with what is known inthe art as aplural type head 34 pivotally mounted at the upper free end of thebar'and carrying upper and lower case characters 35 and 36. Each typehead is nornn lly retained by a trigger 37 in a position which willinsure the presentation of the lower case character 36 to the printingpoint when the type bar is thrown down by the depression of a key.

.The trigger 37 is mounted on the type-bar, as shown, and is providedwith a cam-shaped tail-piece or trip arm 38 and with a resetting tripring 40 normally occupies a position sufficiently elevated to preventinterference with the trip arms of the triggers when the type-bars areswung down. When, however,

it is desiredto print an upper case character,

or one having a wide face,

the trip ring is depressed,,s0 that the trigger 'which'is shown in Fig.6. Th

rear extremity of a of any actuated type-bar 'will be swung out ofengagement with the type head, by reason of the engagei ment of thetail-piece 38 of said trigger with the type ring during the initialmoyement of the bar. The tripping of the trigger in this manner and theconsequent release of the tyipe head, will permit the latter to shift unposition and the restoration of the trigger toits position in engagementwith the head is insured by the contact of the resetting arm 39 with afixed buffer ring 4 1, a portion of e depression of the trip frame 40,for the purpose stated. isielfected through the medium of a case key 45,whose stem 46 is suitably guided in the carriage casing and is connectedat its lower end to the case key lever 47 fulcrumed atits opposite end,as indicated at 48, and pivotallyconnected intermediate of its ends tothe stud 43.

. The case key 45 is normally retained'in its elevated position by aspring 49 and is provided with a pin 50 engaged by a locking device orcatch 51 when it is desired to hold' the key in its depressed positionfor the purpose of printing upper case characters .e.\'- clusively. Fora morecomplete disclosure of the mechanism just described, reference ismade to the Fisher patent heretofore identified and also to Patent N 0.708,213, and Reissued Patent No. 11,848, both to It. J. Fisher.

The operative connection between the case key and the spac ng rack 31 iseffected in the following manner: In the back wall of the.

carriage casing l is secured a bearing sleeve 52, retained in'place by alock nut 53 and constituting a support and bearing for a shaft rod 54,provided at its rear end with a head 55' engaging the rack The inner endof the rod 54:is pivotally connected to the lower extremity of an arm56, depending from a rock shaft 57 disposed longitudinally of thecarriage casing and mounted in brackets 58 extending from the rear wallthereof. Adjacent to one end of the shaft 57 the latter is provided witha forwardly extending arm 59 connected by a vertical link 60 with thelever 61 fulcrumed in a post '62 upstanding from the. bottom of thecarriage. The lever 61 is extended to the front of the carnage, see Fig.3, where its extremity is pivot-ally connected to the stem 46 of thecase key45. .It will now be seen i that with the depression of the easekey to reorganize the printing mechanism the shaft '57 will be rocked toswing the arm 56 to the position indicated in dotted lines in Fig. 3 andthus draw back the shift rod 54, which .Will swing'the spacing rack 81to its oper-ji I The depression of the case ative position.

key will thus seen to simultaneously projection spacing.

' dogs alternat mal spacing l v relatively movable,

.inga rack member and a pair of dogs, and

(means for repeatedly change the feed-and the case and obviously, assoon as the case key is released, its retraction by its spring willserve, through the intermediateconnections, to throw back the rackB-l toan inoperative position and thus 11 store the normal carriage feed. Toinsure the movementof the rack to its operative posi'tifon, yeven thoughwhen actuated the 29is'opposite the point of one of theteethfiO, theadjacent faces of said rack teeth 30 and the projection 29 areoppositely beveled, as shown in Fig. 9.

It is thought that the construction and operation of he'presentembodiment of the invention will be clearly understoodirom.

theforegoing; but I wish to be distinctly understood as reserving theright to effect such changes, modifications and variationsof theillustrated structure as may come 'fairly withinYthe scope gt theprotection prayed. i v

"VVhatI claim is- In a'type'writing machine, a platen and printingmechanism, relatively movable to space the characters printed, anescapement controlling such movement and including an escapement rack,means for operating the escapement to eii'ect normal spacing of theplaten and printing mechanism, and a spacing-rack extending in thedirection of the relative movement of the platen and printing mechanismand cooperating with the ese'apement to cause exaggerated operationthereof for the purpose of 'exaggerating'the 2. In a relatively movableto letter space the writing, of feeding mechanism controllingsuchmovement and includinga rack member andengaging the same for nornd aplurality of devices disto retard the movement posed successively of onedqg'toexaggerate the relative move.

ment of the platen and printing mechanism. incidenta to the printingoperation.

3. In ypewriting machine, tion with a. platen and printing mechanism, offeeding mechanism cont-rolling such movement andv including a.ra'ckmember and a pair of dogs c05per'at ing therewith for normalspacing, and a spacing rack havinga series of teeth arranged to effectthe repeated retardation of one dog to exaggerate the relative movementof the platen and printing mechanism.

4;. Ina typewriting machine, the combination with a platen and printingmechanism, relatively movable, of an escapement operated by the printingmechanism and includretarding one of the dogsto repeatedly exaggeratethe relative movement ofthe platen and printing mech anism incidental tothe operation. of the the repeated of the escapement.

typewritingmachine, the combination With a platen and printingmechanism,

the combina platen eaasea latter, said means being movable'into and outof operative positlon. I

5. In a typewritlng machine, the com bination with a platen and printingmechanism, relatively movable, of an escape ment controlling suchmovement and ineluding a rack element and a pair of dogs,

and a series of devices arranged to succesable in unison into and out ofoperative position and automatically brought into actlon" when inoperative position, by the relative movement of the platen and printingmechanism incidental to the operation of the latter.

relatively movable, of an escapement includmg a rack member and a pairof dogs coop- 6. In a typewritingmachine, the combination with a platenand printing mechanism,

erating therewith, and a laterally shiftable spacing rack having teetharranged to effect 7. In a typewriting machine, tion with a platen. andprinting mechanism, relatively. movable, of an escapementcontrollingsuch relative movement and includ:

ing a rack member, a spacing rack cooperating with the escapeme'nt toexaggerate such relative movement, and key operated means for effectinga cotiperative relationbetween the escapement and the spacing rack.

8. In a typewriting machine, the combination with a platen and printingmechanism; relatively movable,

space the writingand including a rack member, a spacing rack designed tocoiipcrate retardation of one of the dogs the combinaof an escapenientcontrolling such relative movement to .letterwith the seapement toexaggerate the relative movement of the platen and' printing mechanism,and ing rack to its operative position.

' 9. In a typewriting machine, the combination with a platen andprinting mechanism, relatively movable, trolling such movement andincluding a rack member, and a swinging spacing rack arranged tocooperate with the escapement to -'0f an escapement c011 a key formoving said sp'acexaggerate the relative movement of the.

and printing mechanism.

10. In a typewrltmg machine, thefcom bination with a platen and.printing mechanism, relatively movable, of an escap'ement controllingsuch movement andincluding a raclr member, a swlnging spacing rackarranged to eoeperat'e with the escapement to exaggeratethe relativemovement of the i platen and, printing mechanism, and means for swingingthe spacing rack from one position to I another.

11. In a typewriting. machine, 'thecombination with a traveling carriageandprintmg mechanism mcludmg keys, of'an escape.

a trip arm at the opposite end of the rockshaft, and a series of tripsdisposed toengage the tri .arm. y

'26. no a typewriting machine, the combination with a carriage and anescapement controlling the movement thereof, of a trip arm operativelyrelated to the escapementand having a pointed tooth, and a series oftrips having the form of pointed teeth disposed to be successively engaed bythe tooth of the trip arm to repeated effect a mo-' of an/elementof the bination with a platen and printing mechanism, relativelymovable, ofan escapement controlling-such relative movement, alaterallymovablespacing rack arranged tocooperate with the escapementtoexaggerate the movement, a shifterfor moving the rack I to'its operativeposition, a rock-shaftconnected to the, shifter to move the same, and akey 'operatively related to the rock-shaft. 29. The combination with; aplaten and printingv mechanism relatively movable, one with respect tothe other, of an escapement controlling such relative movement fornormal spacing, and operated vby the printing mechanism, and meansbroughtinto action 40 repeatedly by the relative movement of the platenand printing .mechanism, incidental to the operation of the latter, torepeatedly exaggerate the normal operation vof'the escapement' and;thereby effect a uniform-exaggeration of the relative movement of theplaten and printing m'echansirn- 30. Thecombination with a ;platen andprinting mechanism relatively'movable, one

with respect to the other, the direction of letter spacing, of anescapement, operated by the printing mechanism to cause uniform narrowspacing, and a series of devices brought into action by the relativemovement of the platen and printing mechanism incidental to theoperation ofthe printing mechanism to cause the exaggeration of thenormal 0 eration of the escapem'ent and thereby efi ect anexaggerationof-the relative movement of the platen and printingmechanism for uniform Wide spacing.

31. In a typewriting machine, the combination with a'movable carriageand printing mechanism, of an escapement controlling the movement of thecarriagefor normal spacing and operated by the printing mechanism, and

means brought into action repeatedly by the movement. of the carriageincidental to the operationof the printing mechanism to repeatedlyexaggerate the normal operation of the escapement and thereby effect auniform exaggeration of the carriage movement. I

In a typewriting machine, the combi nation 'with a carriage, of anescapement rack, dog mechanism cooperating with the rack to control themovement of the carriage for uniform narrow spacing, normallyinoperative means which, when in operative position, is brought intoeffective cooperative relation with the escapement mechanism-by themovement of the carriage, to exaggerate the action of the escapement'and thus permit exaggerated movementofthe carriage'for uniform widespacing, and means for rendering said normally inoperative meansoperative.

33. In a typewriting machine, the combination with a movable carriage,of an escapement controlling the movement of the carriage-for normalspacing, saidescape mentincluding a holding dog, a spacing dog and arack member alternately engaged bysaid dogs, the spacing dog beingnormally engaged with the rack member to hold the carriage againstmovement, a key arranged to operate the escapement dogs to move thespacing dog out of engagement withthe rack member and to move theholding dog into engagement with the said member, means operative uponthe release of the key to advance the carria e means 0 era'tive upon therelease of the key to withdraw the holding dog from the escapementmember and thus permit the advance of the carriage and to move thespacing dog toward the,

rack member to arrest the carriage, a't-rip brought into cooperativerelation with the spacing dog by the movement of the carriage to retardthe movement of said spacingdog toward the rack member and to thuspermit an' exaggerated movement of the carriage before such movement isarrested by the engagement of a spacing dog with the rack member, :andmeans operative to .determine whether the trip shall orshall not operateas stated, said means including a key or finger piece.

3a. In a typewriting machine, the. combination with'a movable carriage,of an escapement wheel movabletherewith, a pairof connected dogs alsomovable with the carriage and arranged to alternately engage theescapement wheel at opposite sides thereof to control the movements ofthe ca riage, keys for operating the dogs, a series of trips on theframe of'the typewriter, and-a member extended from one of the dogs andarranged .to be moved into engagement'with the'under sides of the trips,by the advance of the carriage to repeatedly retardl the movement ofsaid'dog to its engaging postment controlling, the movement of the can.i'i'al ean'd" iiibluding a rackflmemben, India cooperatnig with theescapemei-it to exaggerate-the carriage-movement. t

1 121 111 a vvt p'ewritin'g machine, the combination wit atravelingcarriage T of an it: escapement' movableth'ereivith and in cluding a' rack member and a' niii JoFdogS, and'means, m un ted independently of thecarria e and coiiperating with the escapement to e :ect an I exaggeratedbutuniform carriage feed. R .1'5','- 13. In i'a typew-ritingmachine,fthe com: ".bination' with a movable carriage, pf an escapementmovable therewith and includt a'rack member and a pair-of cooperating.dogs, and a spacing rack m ounted independ- ,ently of the carriageandhaving; teeth arranged successively to retard one of the:escapementdogs for the purpose of exaggerating the'carria'ge feed.

. In a typewriting machine, the combination with printing mechanism anda movable carriage," of an escapement operated .by thc'printing'mechanism -to control the .step-by-stepmovement of the carriage andincluding a rack member and a pair ot' dogs, means co iiper'atin'g withone oi. the dogs of the escap'ement to effect an exaggerated stepby-stepfeed ofthe carriage a, the escape- 'Inent is ope 'ated by theprintingmechanism, andpniechanisln "operative to determine whether saidmeans shall or shall not p'pe rate. I 15.1 11 a 'typewritingmachine, thecombination-witha' traveling carriage and an escapement movabletherewith and including arack member and cooperating dogs, of a 40sda'cing-rackmounted independently of the carriage and cooperating withthe escapemenhto exaggerate t-he carriage feed, and means mounted on thecarriage for moving he spacing rack to its operative position.

',16.,-In a typewriting machine, the 001m bination with a platen andprinting-mechanism, relatively movable, said printlng mecln. anismincluding. a case key, of an escapementcontrol-lingfsuch' relativemovement and in- '5 "eluding a rack member and a" pair of. co-

0perat1ng dogs, and means, movable to its operative position by the casekeyfor re" 1 tarding the movement of an escapement dog to exaggerate thefeed.

17. In a typewritmg machine, the com-- bination with a platen andprinting mechanism, relativelymovable, saidprinting nc ch anismincluding a case key, of anescapementcontrolling the normal relativemoven'ient of 6 the platen and printing mechanism and in:

cludlng a ,rackmember and a pair of cooperating dogma-spacing rackdesigned to cotiper ate with the escapement to eiiect an Iexaggerationof the relative movement of the 3 2 platenand printingmechanism, and. means Qperativel-y connecting the case key with the"rack; whereby the depression of said key will eiiectac'hange of caseand of feed.

[18.111 a' typewriting machine, the coml oiIi'ation \vith'a platen andprinting mechan ism, relatively movable in the direction of letterspacing, of an'escapement controlling the inornial. letter spacemovements of the niac'hine, a series of trips, and meansoperated by saidtrips for, exaggerating the letter.

space movements.

bination with a platen and printing mechan ism, relat vely molvable, ofan es capement controlling the non'ial letter space movement s,sa triparm' operatively related. to the escapement to effect. an exaggerated jfeed,

and a series of trips for operating the arm.

20;, In a typewriting "machine, the combination iwitlra travelingcarriage, of an .escapement movable with thecarrlag a trip a rm 'likwisemovable therewith and opera; tlvely re ated to the escapement, and a881165 of trips mounted independently of ,the care riage and arranged tocooperate with the trip arm. I I I I 21. In a typewriting machine, thecombinat-ion with an escapement comprising a 19.;ln $1. typewriitingmachine,- the comrack member and a' pair of dogs cotipera'ting',

therewith, of means foretfecting the normal I operation of theescapement, an arm 0peratrvely related to tine of the dogs, and-meansfor dperating said arm to repeatedly retard the movement of the dpg forthe purpose'of efiecting an exaggerated operation of the escapement.

22. In a typewriting machine," the'conibination With an escapementincluding a .rack member and cooperating dogs, of a trip 'arm'operatively related to one oithe dogs,

anda series of trips disposed to engage the.

trip arm.

23. In a typewriting machine, the combination with an escapementincluding a rack member and cooperating dogs, I of a rock-shaftcooperatively related I to one of the dogs, a trip arm extended fr0m oneend of the rock-shaft, and afplurality of trips' disposed to engage saidarm.

24. In a typewrlting machine, the com-. binatlon with a movablecarriage, 015. an escapement mounted on the carriage and in cluding arack member and cooperating dogs,

a' rock-shaft also mounted on the carriage and operatively related toone of the' dogs,

a trip arm, extending from the rock-.sl1aft,'

and a series of trips mounted independently of the carriage and disposedto engage trip arm; I

25. The combination with aitypewriting machine, of an escapementincluding a rotary rack member and a pair of cooperating the dogs, anarm extending from one of said i dogs, a rock-shaft'provided atondend-with an arm cooperating with the arm first named,

tion and thus permit exaggerated or abnormal movement of the escapementWheel before the same is arrested by the do 35. In a typewriti ng'machine, the combinatmn with a carriage, of an escapement controllingthe normal step-by-step advance of the carriage, carriage releasemechanism arranged to operate the escapement to permit thefree advanceof the carriage, and

means independent of the release mechanism 'thereot, carriage releasemechanism, and

means independent of the release mechanism and brought into action bythe movement of the carriage to exaggerate'each normal action of theescapement during the carriage advance and to thus cause uniform wideorabnormal spacing of the characters printed. 37. In a ty ewritingmachine, the combination with a carriage, of an escapement controllingthe normal step-by-step advance of said carriage, carriage releasemechamsm, a ser es 0t devices mounted independently-0f the releasemechanism and carriage, and

' means presented to successive devices by the movement of the carriageand cooperating with said devices to repeatedly exaggerate the action ofthe escapement during the carriage 'advance and to thus cause uniformwide or abnormal spacing of the characters f i in the presence of twowltnessesj printed.

38. In a type'vvriting machine, the coinf bmatron with a carriage, of anescapem'cnt controlling the normal step-by-step advance] thereo't',carriage release mechanism and a series of devices mountedindepeiidently of the release mechanism and movable into and out ofoperative posltlon, and means coacting with said devices to exaggeratethe action of the eseapement and thus cause uniform wide or abnormalspacing of the characters printed.

39. In a typewriting machine, the combination with a carriage, of anescapement including a rack and dogs controlling the normal step-by-stepadvance ofthe carriage, release mechanism operative to disengage therack and dogs and thus release the carriage for free movement and meansseparate from and independent of such release mechanism and iucludii'iga series of devices, said means being brought into cooperative relationwith the escapement by the movement of the carriage during itsstepbv-step advance to cause (3X2 ggerated operations of. the escape- Iment and thus effect wide spacing of characters printed.- I

40. in a typewriter, the combination with a platen and printingmechanism, relatively movable, of an escapement controlling suchmovement and operated by the printing mechanisnn and means forrepeatedly exaggerating the relative movement of the platen and printingmechanism incidental to the operation of the latter. said meansincluding a series of devices which when in operative positionare-brought into action automatically, one of said devices beingvariable to render the same operative or non-operative.

in testimony that T claim the foregoing as my own l have hereto afiixedmy signature JOl-lh A. SMITH. 'itnescosi J. ZIEGLER, V. 'l..h'loltlnnor.

